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丁苯酞联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁的效果评价

作者 / Author:冀战一 杨春华

摘要 / Abstract:

目的 分析丁苯酞软胶囊联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性卒中后抑郁的临床效果。方法 选取2015-01—2018-01收治的150例缺血性卒中后抑郁患者,并按照随机数字法随机分为实验组和对照组,每组75例。实验组采用丁苯酞软胶囊与盐酸帕罗西汀联合治疗的方案,对照组采用盐酸帕罗西汀单独治疗方案,治疗9周后,对比观察2组患者治疗前、治疗后及组间的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分及不良反应发生情况。结果 2组患者治疗前与治疗后的汉密尔顿抑郁量表

关键词 / KeyWords:

丁苯酞软胶囊,盐酸帕罗西汀,缺血性脑卒中,抑郁,急性脑血管疾病

丁苯酞联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁的效果评价

冀战一  杨春华
周口市中心医院神经内科,河南 周口 466000
作者简介:冀战一,Email:1172713835@qq.com
摘要  目的  分析丁苯酞软胶囊联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性卒中后抑郁的临床效果。方法  选取2015-01—2018-01收治的150例缺血性卒中后抑郁患者,并按照随机数字法随机分为实验组和对照组,每组75例。实验组采用丁苯酞软胶囊与盐酸帕罗西汀联合治疗的方案,对照组采用盐酸帕罗西汀单独治疗方案,治疗9周后,对比观察2组患者治疗前、治疗后及组间的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分及不良反应发生情况。结果  2组患者治疗前与治疗后的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分相比,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);2组患者治疗后的组间比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01);治疗后2组均未出现不良反应。结论  丁苯酞软胶囊联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性卒中后抑郁的临床效果显著,优于单纯采用盐酸帕罗西汀治疗,且无明显不良反应。
关键词】  丁苯酞软胶囊;盐酸帕罗西汀;缺血性脑卒中;抑郁;急性脑血管疾病
中图分类号】  R743.3    【文献标识码】  A    【文章编号】  1673-5110(2018)21-2383-05  DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2018.21.510
Evaluation of the efficacy of butylphthalide soft capsule combined with paroxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of post-ischemic stroke depression
JI ZhanyiYANG Chunhua
Department of NeurologyZhoukou Central HospitalZhoukou 466000,China
Abstract  Objective  To analyze the clinical effect of butylphthalide soft capsule combined with paroxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of post-ischemic stroke depression.Methods  150 patients with post-ischemic post-stroke depression admitted from January 2015 to January 2018 were randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to random number method,with 75 patients in each group.In the experimental group,the combination of butylphthalide soft capsule and paroxetine hydrochloride was used.The control group was treated with paroxetine hydrochloride alone.After 9 weeks of treatment,the two groups of patients were treated with Hamilton depression before,after and between groups.The scale (HAMD) score,the Basel Daily Life Ability Index (MBI) score,the neurological deficit (NIHSS) score,and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results  The difference between the two groups of patients before and after treatment was the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score,the Basel Daily Living Ability Index (MBI) score,and the neurological deficit (NIHSS) score (P<0.05);There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment(P<0.01);no adverse reactions occurred in the two groups after treatment.Conclusion  The clinical effect of butylphthalide soft capsule combined with paroxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of post-ischemic stroke is significantly better than that of paroxetine hydrochloride alone,and no special adverse reactions.
Key words】  Butylphthalide soft capsule;Paroxetine hydrochloride;Ischemic stroke;Depression;Acute cerebrovascular disease
        脑卒中是一种急性脑血管疾病,为导致人类死亡的三大疾病之一[1-3]。缺血性脑卒中是脑部血液供应不足或障碍而引起大脑组织缺血、缺氧,进而造成大脑组织软化或坏死的疾病,伴随相应的体征和神经系统症状[4-5]。脑卒中后抑郁症是脑卒中较为常见的一种并发症,以心境低落、情感障碍为特征[6-7]。临床上约40%的脑卒中幸存者表现出显着的抑郁症[8-11]。缺血性脑卒中后抑郁会使患者的活存质量显著下降、社会功能受损、寿命缩短[12-13]。本次研究观察联合使用丁苯酞软胶囊、盐酸帕罗西汀与单纯使用盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁症的临床疗效,对比2组治疗前后的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)及不良反应发生情况。
1  资料与方法
1.1  研究对象  选取周口市中心医院于2015-01—2018-01收治的缺血性脑卒中后抑郁症患者150例,经MRI检查确诊为缺血性脑卒中,且符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)》中脑卒中后抑郁症的诊断标准。按照随机数字法分为2组,每组75例。实验组男45例,女30例,年龄41~88岁(62.5±5.5)岁,平均病程4个月;对照组男38例,女37例,年龄39~80(59.6±4.5)岁,平均病程3.5个月。2组性别、年龄、病程长短、患病原因差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有患者及家属签署知情同意书,本研究经过我院学术及伦理委员会审批通过。
1.2  治疗方法  实验组空腹口服丁苯酞软胶囊(石药集团恩必普药业有限公司,国药准字H20050299),2粒/次(0.2 g),3次/d;早餐时顿服盐酸帕罗西汀片(乐友,浙江华海药业股份有限公司,国药准字H20031106),1片/次(20 mg),持续9周。对照组单独服用盐酸帕罗西汀片(乐友,浙江华海药业股份有限公司,药准字H20031106),1片/次(20 mg),早餐时顿服,需完整吞服,切忌咀嚼,连续服药9周。
1.3  观察指标  (1)汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分:应用17项抑郁量表版本,各因子分数0~4分,总分<7分为正常,7~17分为可能有抑郁症,17~24分为肯定有抑郁症,若总分>24分为严重抑郁症[14-15];(2)巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分:主要包括进食、洗澡、修饰、穿衣、控制大便、控制小便、如厕、床椅转移、平地行走45 cm、上下楼梯10项内容,总分100分,得分越低意味着独立性越差,依赖性越大[16];(3)神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS):包含意识水平、凝视、视野、面瘫、双上肢运动、双下肢运动、肢体共济失调、感觉、语言、构音障碍、忽视症11项内容,评分0~42分,得分越高神经功能缺损越严重;(4)观察用药后有无不良反应。
1.4  统计学分析  采用SPSS 25.0统计学软件进行统计分析,计量资料以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,采用t检验,计数资料以百分率(%)表示,采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2  结果
2.1  2组治疗前后HAMD评分、MBI评分、NIHSS评分比较  对2组患者治疗前与治疗后的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分进行比较,各组变量数据差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。见表1。
2.2  2组治疗后HAMD评分、MBI评分、NIHSS评分比较  2组治疗后的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、巴塞尔日常生活能力指数(MBI)评分、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。见表2。
表1  2组治疗前后HAMD评分、MBI评分、NIHSS评分比较  (x±s,分)
Table 1  Comparison of HAMD score,MBI score,NIHSS score before and after treatment in 2 groups  (x±s,score)
治疗前后 HAMD评分   MBI评分   NIHSS评分
实验组 对照组   实验组 对照组   实验组 对照组
治疗前 24.9±2.1 24.0±1.9   32.7±5.8 31.3±6.1   25.5±7.2 23.4±6.8
治疗后 5.9±1.5 11.2±1.8   63.2±9.6 36.5±5.9   11.3±5.0 19.9±5.5
t 2.53 2.033   2.561 2.024   2.488 2.103
P 0.012 0.044   0.011 0.045   0.014 0.037
表2  2组患者治疗后HAMD评分、MBI评分、NIHSS评分比较  (x±s,分)
Table 2  Comparison of HAMD score,MBI scoreand NIHSS score after treatment in 2 groups  (x±s,score)
组别 n HAMD评分 MBI评分 nIHSS评分
实验组 75 5.9±1.5 63.2±9.6 11.3±5.0
对照组 75 11.2±1.8 36.5±5.9 19.9±5.5
t / 2.893 3.355 3.021
P / 0.004 0.001 0.003
2.3  2组疗效比较  实验组总有效72例(96%),对照组60例(80%),2组有效率相比,χ2=9.091,P=0.002;2组患者治疗后均未出现明显不良反应。
3  讨论
        脑卒中后抑郁症是脑卒中的常见神经精神病性情感障碍[17-18]。情况严重的病人有可能产生轻生的念头,甚至导致自杀的后果,需及时防范。缺血性脑卒中后抑郁会对病人的认知功能、生活质量造成严重影响,应尽早对患者进行抑郁程度评定,有针对性地进行抗抑郁治疗,改善其生活质量[19-30]。治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁症需要家庭和社会的支持、心理治疗、药物治疗,目前应用药物较多的是五羟色胺再摄取抑制剂,及时进行正规治疗可使大多数病人的抑郁症状消除,促进肢体功能、社会交往能力的恢复,提高生活质量。
        丁苯酞软胶囊的活性成分主要为左旋芹菜甲素[31-33],可显著改善急性缺血性脑卒中患者的中枢神经功能,能促进患者功能恢复,其通过阻断脑损伤的病理环节而达到抗脑缺血作用,可显著增加缺血脑区的血流量和微循环;另外,丁苯酞还有减轻脑水肿、抗脑血栓形成、抗血小板聚集、改善脑能量代谢、抑制神经细胞凋亡的作用。研究表明,丁苯酞软胶囊不仅可有效改善老年缺血性脑卒中患者中远期预后,且安全有效[34],而且对青中年急性缺血性脑卒中的认知功能障碍疗效显著[35]。其服用效果受食物影响,餐前服用效果好;药代动力学研究表明,丁苯酞在胃肠道的吸收较快,侧链羟基化和内酯环开环后的氧化物代谢物为其主要代谢途径,本品70%以代谢产物形式排出,安全性高。
        盐酸帕罗西汀为强效抗抑郁症药,能够抑制神经元细胞摄取突触间隙中5-HT,增加突触间隙中5-HT浓度,改善中枢5-羟色胺能神经功能[36-40]。帕罗西汀口服吸收快、吸收率高;其清除半衰期为24 h;主要代谢途径为肝脏且代谢物无活性,代谢产物主要为易于清除的甲基化和氧化的极性共价复合物;主要排泄途径为肾脏(小部分经粪便排泄)。盐酸帕罗西汀片对脑卒中后焦虑、抑郁等情绪障碍具有明显的改善作用,同时能够提高神经功能以及生活能力[41-42]。帕罗西汀不仅可有效缓解脑卒中后抑郁症患者的抑郁症状,间接促进其神经功能的恢复,而且对急性脑梗死患者的预后有积极作用,且有较高的安全性[43]
        本研究显示,丁苯酞软胶囊联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁症临床效果显著,可减轻患者抑郁症状、改善神经功能、提高日常生活质量,且安全性高,无明显不良反应。
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(收稿2018-08-27  修回2018-09-30)
本文责编:关慧
本文引用信息:冀战一,杨春华.丁苯酞联合盐酸帕罗西汀治疗缺血性脑卒中后抑郁的效果评价[J].中国实用神经疾病杂志,2018,21(21):2383-2387.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2018.21.510
Reference information:JI Zhanyi,YANG Chunhua.Evaluation of the efficacy of butylphthalide soft capsule combined with paroxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of post-ischemic stroke depression[J].Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases,2018,21(21):2383-2387.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.2018.21.510 
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